The Space Force selected Lockheed Martin and Boeing to design satellite prototypes for its Mobile User Objective System (MUOS) program, which provides secure narrowband communication for military operators. Each company received a $66 million contract for early design and risk-reduction, according to a Jan. 25 Defense Department announcement. Following the first phase of the effort, which will run through July 2025, the Space Force will select a single company to build two satellites, the first of which it expects to launch before the end of fiscal 2030. The MUOS satellites operate in a narrowband frequency range that makes them less vulnerable to bad weather or tricky terrain.
MUOS satellites were built to replace the Ultra High Frequency Follow-on system, known as UFO. The system is designed to provide 10 times the capacity of its predecessor. The service has four MUOS satellites in orbit, plus one spare, all built by Lockheed Martin. While the Space Force hasn’t said what capabilities the additional satellites will provide, officials have said the service is prioritizing resilience in these near-term upgrades. The service is finalizing a long-term plan for narrowband communications, which could include integrating commercial satellites. The service projects it will need $2.5 billion for the program between FY24 and FY28, including $230 million next year.
As the Space Force moves forward with plans to buy more MUOS satellites, lawmakers and watchdog groups have raised concerns about the performance of the current capability. The program experienced significant fielding delays, particularly with the terminals and equipment that allow users to connect to the system. A 2021 Government Accountability Office report found personnel on the ground were not able to take full advantage of the satellite’s more advanced features.
